Book-sewing machine.



1. GRIESINGER.

BooK SEWING MACHINE.

J. GRIESINGER.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PatenIed my 21,1918.

1. GRIESINGER.

BOOK SEWING MACHlNE.

APPmATloN FILED Aue.1z,1s1s.

'Patented May 21,1918.

3 SHEETS--SHEET 3.

Mmmm., Y

onreine.'

JOHN GBIESINGER, or Los ANGELES, camrnma.

BooK-SEWING Macri-HNE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pailmmibdl 2li., lllwlllo- Application ledAugust 17, 1915. Serial No. 45,994.

machine in which the leaves or signatures making up a book may be sewed at a point inward from the edge thereof and at an angle thereto, whereby successively to join said leaves or signatures or a number of them to previously sewed leaves or signa-v tures, in a continuous manner, without the necessity of penetrating a great number of leaves or signatures and to produce by this method a sewed book capable of longer service and harder usage than books sewed in the ordinary way.

Another object of my invention is to provide a machine in which the stitches may be made out of alinement with each other or regularly staggered during the sewing of the leaves or signatures in the making of a book, in order to strengthen the book and avoid the passage of the needles with the thread through or too near previous stitches.

With these and other objects in view, this invention consists of the features and parts, separately and in combination described in the subjoined specification, in connection with the accompanying drawings, and then more specilically pointed out in the claims.'

`In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a plan view.` f

Fig. 2 is a front view,.showing the clamp for the signatures or sections and the operating means therefor. Y

lFig. 3 is a side elevation.

Fig 4 vis a-plan.fof theffour .step camk groove'for staggering the stitches. y F1g.5 .1s a fragmentary detall showing the swivelconnection with the plate.v f

. ig'.y 6 is arear'view.

Fig. 7 .isf`

of the clampI4 and,E the rope rati'ngcam` therefor the inoperative position ofthe punch and needle bars, and the operating cams` an *l enlarged fragmentary, sectional .view` showlngthe operative position:

therefor and the inoperative position ofthe shuttle race.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view showing the operative position of the needle bar, when the needles are retracted to form loops; and the operative position of the shuttle race and carrier.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary plan view of the shuttle race partly broken to show the shuttle and shuttle carrier.

Fig. 10 is a section on line 10-10 Fig. 9, looking in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary end view showy ing the shuttle race and one of the hangers.

Fig. 12 is a series of perspective illustrations showing the steps followed in the sewing together of four signatures or sections and the staggering of the stitches.

Fig. 13 is a series of end views showing the location of the stitches in building up a book, and

Fig. 14 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the relative arrangement of stitches as made by this machine.

The process of sewing the signaturesorsections in the building up of a book according to my invention involves and" may be divided into the following steps: clamping the signatures or sections; punching; sewing; locking the sewing thread, and taking up the slack of the latter, each step being accomplished consecutively in the manner and b-y the cordinated 4mechanisms shown inthe drawings and described seriatz'm hereinafter.

In a frame 1, is a stationary shaft 2, which extends through apertured lugs 3, integral withy andprojecting from an inclined plate 'i 4, slidable 911 saidshaft and movable about the axis thereof as and for purposes hereinafter appearing.

Theplate is supported in its inclined Iposition, as, shown in the several views of the drawings, by a rail .5, mounted in ysaid frame. The plate 4, Iis formed with oppositely disposed walls 6,1 having ways 7, `in

l which `a clamp table 8, isfslidable. 'llothe clamptable 8 is connected v an operating barr 9,'.tha-t extends betweenfrictionlinings 1.0

and 11, interposed between a presser ,plate` 12 and a base:13,; respectively, the presser platebeing adjustable on-{said ybase and ar:

ranged to. be clamped by an Ieccentric lever 14, on one side thereof and connected to a draw rod 15, fastened to and extending through the base and presser plate to effectell crank sleeve 21, by a link 22. The bell y crank sleeve 21, is mounted and oscillable on said. shaft 2, but held against longitudinal movement thereon by pins 23 and 24, in the shaft. The arm 25, of the bell-crank sleeve 21, is connected by a link 26, with a lever 27, on .a fulcrum 'shaft 28, mounted in the frame 1, the free end of said lever 27, carrying a roller 29, normally bearing against the face of a cam 30, keyed or otherwise secured on `a drive shaft 31. Adjustably disposed above said table 8, is a clamp head 32, provided with rods 33, which extend through lugs 34, and 35, on the outside of said walls 6, the lower ends of said rods being threaded to receive. nuts 36 and 37, the former being above the lugs 35, and the latter below the `lugs .35, andv serving to lock the clamp head vsections w in adjusted position. A shelf 38, is adjustablymounted on rods 39, rigid with the table 8, and extendingl through guide bosses 40, on the plate\4, a set screw or other device 41, securing the shelf 38, in position of adjust-ment. This shelf 38 is movable with the table 8 and is provided for the pur ose of temporal-illyl carrying the last series o sewed ile thethreads are still uncut. In this manner the threads are held during the sewing of the successive sections.

Between the clamp head 32l and table 8, are placed the si atures or sections to be sewed. The revo ving cam 30, through its connections as described, operates the base 13, against which the bar 9, is held b the presser plate 12. The bar 9, and ta le 8,

now move with the basg 13, and clamp the signatures preparatory to sewing. In each movement of the table, to clamp an added signature,I or section with those already sewed the bar 9, moves down relatively to `the friction' linings lO'and 11, and in this manner. a constant pressure is maintained on the signatures or sections in the building up of a book, regardless of the variations in thickness of the signatures or theplacement of an excess'number in the clamp. As seen, the edge of the plate 4, lies in the operating zone `ofthe punches and needles, the distance in which the edges of the signatures or sections lie with respect to thepunches and needlesdetermining the distance of the stitches from the edge. For this reason, the clamp head is made adjustable in the manner described and it is obvious that if the head is raised with respect to the table, the distance of the signature edges in the operating zone of the punches and needles will be increased, and vice versa.

In the sewing of a book, according to my invention, the entrance point of the needles is near the edges of the separate signatures. Ordinarily the next succeeding stitch would then occur at a point removed from and above the preceding stitch, and would extend in the perforation made by a previous stitch, ,which would weaken the hold of the paper on the thread. To avoid this, the plate 4, is movable on the shaft 2, after each stitch by the following mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 5, and the resulting location of the stitches being shown in Fig. 14.

Swiveled onto one of the lugs 3, of the f plate 4, and onto the end of a lever 42, is a rod 43. The lever 42, is fulcrumed in a suitable support 44, and is provided on its free end with a stud 45, extending in the four step cam groove 46, of a cylinder 47, which, through the lever 42, imparts at regular intervals a predetermined movement to the plate 4, in substantially the manner and for the distances presently described. This cylinder 47, and a gear 48, are mounted on a stub shaft 49, fixed in the frame 1. Meshing with said gear 48, is a pinion 50, on and revolible with the .drive shaft 31, the ratio between the gear 48 and vpinion 50 being as 1 to 4, whereby four complete revolutions of the pinion 50, will cause one complete revolution of the gear 48, which produces four distinct movements of the plate with a determinate interval of time between each movement. Thus the cam groove 46 is formed with four offsets a, b, c and d, the offsets b and d, being approximately one and a half times longer than the offsets a and c whereby the third stitch and the fifth or initial stitch of the following series will be made at a point removed approximately one and a half time the distance between the first and second stitch. The fourth stitch will then occur at a point between the third and near, the second stitch, as substantially shown in Fig. 14. Y

The edge of the plate 4, is formed with a plurality of spaced fingers 51, which support the signatures or sections at their edges, and between which the punches and needles operate. The edge of'the table 8, is provided with a plurality of grooves 52, in register with the spaces between the fingers 51', the bottom of said grooves lying in a plane parallel with the operatin punches and needles and a Ording passage for -the punches and needles at the outset or beglnning of a sewing operation when the table is near the edge of the fingers 51, and the clamp head.

The frame 1, is provided with slide ways.

-plane of .the

53, for a cross Ahead 54, vertically reciprorim , supplied with thread from `a `plurality ofthe upper cross member 53', oit' the cross head is fastened abar 55, carrying a. plurality of punches 56, which are adjustable therein by thrust screws 57, and held in place by set screws 58.I These punches extend into oriices in a guide and stripper plate 59, supl ported by a plurality of rods 60, which arc secured thereto and extend through the punch bar 55, the stripper plate 59, being held in position illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, by a plurality of helical tension springs 61, surrounding said rods 60, and lying in sockets 62, in the punch bar. 0n the ends of the rods 60, are placedr nuts 63, for adjusting the rodsl60, and the connected stripper plate 5 9, lock nuts 64', being used to secure'the nuts 63. Un the cross member 53, of the cross head 54, is fastened a bar 65, carrying a plurality of needles 66, which are adjustable therein by thrust screws 67, and held in place by set screws 68. 'llhese needles 66, as seen, are disposed immediately beneath and in the same plane las the punches 56, whereby 4the needles will enter the perforations made by the punches. The lower cross member 53, of the cross head 54, is provided with a central extension 69, connected by a link 70 with the end of a lever 71, fulcrumed on the shaft 28, and formed with two arms 72 and 73. rlhe arm 72 is rovided on one side with a roller 74, which ies upon the top face of a cam 75, lixed on the shaft 31, and the arm 73, is provided with a roller 76, which lies upon the bottom face of a complementary cam 77, also Xed upon the drive shaft31, the cams 75 and 77 working in conjunction to reciprocate the cross head 54, and successively produce the following operations:

Assuming that the shaft 31, has been set in motion, and that the positions of the cams 75 and 7 7 and the parts operatively dependent upon the same, are as shown in Fig. 7, the cross head 54, will move downwardly, causing the punches 56, to perforate the edges of the signatures X, which just previous to the operation of the cams 75 and 77 have been clamped by the operation of 'the cam 30, as hereinbefore described.

Thereupon the cross head 54, is forced upwardly bythe complementary cam 7 7, there-` by leaving the springs 61, free to move kthe stripper plate, '59, which, during-the';down

ward movement of thecross head 54, moved relatively to the punches during the punching operation, and now under y.the tension of the springs 61, `strips the signatures `from the punches. The vneedles 66, previouslyl spools 78, then enter and pass through the perforations made by the punches and are returned for a short distance to lform loops,

sewingv onto those previously sewed. lm-

mediately u on the full release of the pressure of the clamp head 8, on the signatures,

the plate 4, is moved by the four step cam groove in the rmanner and for the purpose above set out. During the period of rest after the formation of the loops, a lock thread 79, is drawn through the loops by a shuttle80, shown in Fig. 9, and operating in f, a shuttle race 81, comprising an angle bar 82, and a rectangular bar 83, rigidly secured to hangers 84 and 85, respectively, extending between and holding themspaced at their ends, these hangers being pivotally hung from a rail 86, on the frame, and under the tension of springs 87 and 88, respectively, which function to throw the shuttle race 81, into operative position, as shown in Fig. 8. The rectangular bar 83, on which the shuttle 80, travels, is spaced from the Vertical wall of the angle bar 82, as shown, to permit the lock thread to be drawn through such space, and the vertical wall and horizontal wall forming such angle bar 82, are provided with cut out portions 89', for the accommodation of the loops. `Extending' on the shuttle race 81, is a carrier 90, pivotally hung from a carriage 91, slidable on rail 86,' the carrier 90, under the tension of a spring 92, which holds the same in the shuttle race and in engagement with the shuttle 80, as shown in Fig. 9. The carriage 91, is provided with a pin 93, for the accommodation of a forked elongated arm 94, of a bell crank lever 95, pivotally supported in a suitable support 96. The other arm 97, of said bell crank lever is provided with a threaded socket into which a threaded adjusting rod 99, screws, and which rod is held in adjusted position by a lock nut 100. Said rod 99, is connected by a ball and socket joint 101, to a link 102, which latter in turn 'is connected by a ball and socket joint 103, to a lever 104, .fulcrumed on the stub shaft 49. 0n the end of the lever 104, is a stud 105, eXtendin in acam groove 106, in a cylinder 107, Xed

,on the drive shaft 31. -Through this `cam movement ofthe elongated' arm 94, of the bell crank lever, v`and consequently also vof the shuttlek 80. The lock thread 79, paid out from a spool 108, and passing `through a suitabletension device, is passed through an eye.109, in therail, and through one of theeyes 110, in the shuttle race 81, a plurality of which eyes 110, are provided as shown in Fig. 9, to bring the lock thread in proper relation to the oops of signatures of varying lengths. The stroke of the arm 94,` is adjustable by the arrangement described, in accordance with-the number of needles in operation.

On the cross head 54, and near the cross member 53, is a lug 111, provided for engagement with an abutment 112, on the shuttle race 81, thereby to throw and hold the race out of the path of movement of said cross head during the punching operation. When the lug 111, escapes engagement with the abutment 112, as it will when the cross` head moves upwardly to force through the needles and returns for a short distance to form the loops, the shuttle race 81, under the tension of the springs 87 and 88, will be pro jected into the position shown in Fig. 8, the loops L extending. in the cut out portions 89. At this time'the shuttle 80, is operated to draw through the lock thread, the operave position of the shuttle being shown in rIhe shuttle is formed with a forwardly curved nose 80', and rearwardly with a taper, the apex 80, of which lies in a plane removed from the lock thread, whereby on the return of the shuttle to normal or initial position, the thread, which extends through one of the eyes 110, in the shuttle race, will be forced -to pass between the edge of the shuttle and the vertical wall of the angle bar 82,-after which, it is in a direct line with the hook 80 of the shuttle. The shuttle moving along the shuttle race with the lock thread caught therein, travels through the loops L, the thread forming which, being now between the outer edge of the shuttle and the carrier 90.

When the shuttle has carried the lock thread through the loops, the cross head descends, pulling through the needles and simultaneously throwing out the lshuttle race to the position shown in Fig. 7, with the lock thread still caught in the hook 80', of the shuttle. e

The shuttle, shuttle race and needles remain in this position until the take up has operated. Thereupon the shuttle is returned to normal position, and in so doing, drops the lock thread.

The threads 78', from the spools 78, as stated, pass through suitable tension devices, thence 4over a stationary .rod 113, carried in hangers 114, on the'frame 1, thence under a take up bar 115, lcarried by two arms 116 and 117, xed on a spindle 118. The arm 116, is formed with an extension 119, in the end of which is journaled a roller 120, bear# ing against the face of a cam 121, fixed on the shaft 31, and operating to move the take lof the series.

up bar, at the time set forth above. the drive shaft 31, is a driving pulley 122, for transmitting power from a suitable source to the shaft, through a suitable trip controlled by a foot pedal 123.

The thread 79, is positioned so that the shuttle will catch and carry samethrough a subsequent series of loops, by the taking up of the loop threads of the firststitches Such taking up brings the lock thread upon the surface of the signatures X. The lock thread, running from the eye 110 to near the first needle stitch of the series, occupies substantially a diagonal position in the race, thus crossing the path of travel of the shuttle in the race, as seen in Fig. 9.

From Figs. 12, 13 and 14, it will be seen that after the first signature has been sewed, the second signature is sewed onto the first; the third onto the rst and second, andthe fourth onto the second and third, and that each successive stitch is made at a point laterally removed from ythe preceding one in one direction, with the exception that the fourth is made at a point laterally removed from the third stitch in another direction, the appearance of the stitches being substantially zig zag.

What I claim, is

1. In a book sewing machine, a plurality of needles, a shaft, a plate on said shaft, a clamp table for the book sections operable on said plate and inclined to the horizontal to bring' the edges of the `,section within the operating yplane of and at an angle to the needles, a clam head on said plate and adjustable relatlvely to said clam table, means to operate 'said clamp relatively to said plate, means to operate said needles, and means to move periodically said plate on said shaft.

2. In a book sewing machine, means to clamp the book sections at an angle to the horizontal, a plurality of vertical needles operable in one direction to pass through the section and periodically in another d1- rection to form loops and withdraw the )needles through the sections, a shuttle race, a shuttle in said race, means to move the shuttle to hook the thread and carry same through the loops, means to move the shuttle race out of the operating plane of the needles during the withdrawal thereof through the sections, and means to control all the means inthe order named.

3. In a book sewing machine, means to clamp lthefoook sections at an angle to the horizontal, a plurality of vertical needles operablesin one direction to pass through the sections. and in another direction for a limited distance to form loops, a shuttle race, a lck threadV passingvtherethrough, a

shuttle in said race, means to move the shut-4 tle `to hook the thread and carry same through the loops, means to control all said means in the order named, and means to regulate the distance of the travel of said shuttle.v Y 4. In a book sewing machine, a frame, a clamp thereon to hold the book sections thereon at an angle to the horizontal, a cross head operable in vsaid frame and carrying a punch and a needle bar, a plurality of punches and needles, respectively, in said punch and needlevbar, means to operate said cross head to cause the punches to perforate the sections, the needles to enter the perorations and to beretracted to -form loops, a shuttle race on said frame, a lock thread passing therethrough, a shuttle operable in said race to hook the thread and carry same through the loops, means operable by. the movement of the cross head in one direction to throw and hold said shuttle race out of operative position and in another direction to cause said race to be thrown into operative position, and means to control/'al1 said means. p

5. In a book sewing machine, a stitch forming mechanism for signatures, a clamp table supporting the signatures, a clamp head cooperating with said clamp'table, means to hold said clamp table in position for apredetermined pressure whereby to enable said table to move relatively to said holding means, yand means to operate said clamp tltlable automatically relatively to said clamp ea 6. In a book sewing machine, a stitch forming mechanism for signatures, a clamp table to support the signatures at anangle to the horizontal, a clamp head coperating with said. clamp table, means to hold said clamp table in position during a predetermined pressure whereby to enable said table to move relatively to said holding means.

when said ressure is exceeded, means to regulate said lpressure and means to operate said clamp table automatically.

7. In a book sewing machine a punching mechanism for the signatures and a stitch forming mechanism, a clamp table to support the signatures at an angle to the horizontal, a clamp head cooperating with said clamp table, means tooperate said clamp table automatically to clamp or unclamp the signatures, and meansto movesaid clamp table laterally relatively to the stitch forming mechanism after each stitch 8. In a book sewing machine, a punching mechanism for signatures, and a stitch forming mechanism, a clamp table to support the signatures at an angle tothe horizontal, a clamp head-coperating with said clamp table, means automatically to operate said clamp talble, means to operate said punching and stitch forming mechanism,

means'operable over and longitudinally relay tive to the signatures to provide a lock thread for the stitches, and means to move said clamp table and signatures relatively to thefstitch forming mechanism after each stitch. j

. 9. In a book sewing machine, ja stitch making mechanism for signatures, a clamp table supporting the signatures, a clamp head cooperating with said clamp table, means to hold said clamp table in position for a predetermined pressure whereby to enable said tablel to move relatively to said holding means, means to operate said clamp automatically, and a means to move said clamp periodically laterally to cause the stitches to be made out of alinement with each other.

10. In a book sewing machine, a plurality of punches and needles, a clamp tablel to support the signatures in line with the travel of and at an angle to said punches and needles, means to provideV a lock thread for the loops formed by said' needles comprising a race, operable over the edges of the signatures, a thread passing through said race, a shuttle operable in said y'race to catch and. draw the thread through all of the needle loops, means to operate said shuttle, and means to operate said punches and needles.

11. In a book sewing machine a plurality of` punches and a plurality o needles, a means to support signatures in line with said punches and needles and at an .angleto said punches and needles, means to operate said clamp table automatically, means to operate said punches and needles, means movable longitudinally over and relatively to the signatures to drawv a lock thread through the loops formed by the needles, and means to move said clamp 1table for irregular distances to cause the stitches to be made out of alinement.

; 13. In a book sewing machine, a stitch forming mechanism for signatures, a clamp table to support the signatures at an angle to the horizontal, an adjustable clamp head coperating with said clamp table, meansto operate said clamp table, and means to hold said table stationary during a predetermined pressure, said meansl enabling said table to move relatively to said-clamp head when such pressure is exceeded.

` 14. In a' book sewing machine, a stitch `support signatures to be sewed at an angle forming mechanism for signatures, a clamp table to support thesignatures at an angle to the horizontal, an adjustable clamp head coperating with said clamp table, means to operate said clamp table, means to hold said clamp table stationary during a predetermlned pressure, said means enabling said table to move relatively to said clamp head when such pressure is exceeded, and means to. regulate said holding means to predetermine the pressure.

In testimony whereof I aHX my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN GRIESINGER.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. Stroms, F. W. FLAGK. 

